Atherosclerosis

How it develops

The disease is based on damage to the inner vessel wall and accumulation of lipids, primarily cholesterol. An inflammatory reaction forms around the deposits, creating a fibrous plaque that narrows the artery lumen.

Risk factors include elevated cholesterol, arterial hypertension, smoking, diabetes, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and hereditary predisposition. The more factors present, the higher the likelihood of rapid progression.

When to seek help

In the early stages, atherosclerosis often produces no obvious symptoms, so preventive examinations are important when risk factors are present. If characteristic signs appear, a doctor should be consulted without delay.

You should consult a specialist in the following cases:

• Chest pain, shortness of breath, and heart palpitations during exertion.
• High blood pressure that is difficult to control.
• Coldness and numbness in the limbs, leg pain when walking.
• Dizziness, memory decline, ringing in the ears.
• Xanthomas and xanthelasmas — yellowish formations on the skin and eyelids.

Timely diagnosis of atherosclerosis helps detect vessel narrowing before complications develop. The earlier treatment begins, the better the chance of preserving heart and brain health.

How treatment is carried out

Atherosclerosis therapy is based on lowering cholesterol, controlling concomitant diseases, and improving blood flow. First, an examination is performed — lipid panel, vascular ultrasound, MRI or CT angiography, ECG, and other tests.

Depending on the identified disorders, the following may be prescribed:

• Lipid-lowering therapy — statins, fibrates, and other cholesterol-lowering drugs.
• Blood pressure and glucose control.
• Antiplatelet agents — to prevent thrombosis.
• Lifestyle correction — diet, physical activity, smoking cessation.
• Surgical treatment — stenting or bypass surgery for critical narrowing.

The program is selected individually and adjusted based on follow-up test results. An important part of the work is teaching the patient the principles of healthy eating and regular blood parameter monitoring.

Effectiveness

With timely initiation of therapy, atherosclerosis progression can be slowed and the risk of complications significantly reduced. Cholesterol levels normalize, organ blood supply improves, and overall well-being increases.

With already formed plaques, the goal of treatment is to stabilize them and prevent rupture. Regular follow-up helps detect deterioration in time and adjust tactics.

A course of atherosclerosis treatment requires consistency and discipline but yields sustainable results. Regular medical follow-up helps adjust the program in time and consolidate achievements.

At Neuro-Clinic, atherosclerosis diagnosis and treatment are carried out by experienced neurologists and cardiologists. We use modern equipment and an individualized approach, and affordable prices make help accessible to everyone who applies.